Buddha Purnima, also known as Buddha Jayanti or Vesak, is the most sacred festival in the Buddhist calendar. It commemorates the birth, enlightenment (Bodhi), and passing (Mahaparinirvana) of Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism.
Born as Prince Siddhartha Gautama in the 6th century BCE in present-day Nepal, he was a royal who gave up his luxurious life in search of truth and the end of human suffering.
Through deep meditation and spiritual practice, he attained enlightenment under the Bodhi tree and spent the rest of his life teaching the Eightfold Path and the Four Noble Truths.
In 2025, this spiritually significant festival will be celebrated on Monday, May 12.
What is Buddha Purnima?
Buddha Purnima is observed on the full moon day (Purnima) in the month of Vaisakha (April–May) according to the Hindu and Buddhist lunar calendars. It marks three pivotal events in the life of Prince Siddhartha Gautama:
His birth in Lumbini, a serene garden in present-day Nepal, where his mother Queen Maya Devi is said to have given birth to him while standing under a Sal tree. The site is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site and remains a sacred pilgrimage destination.
His enlightenment under the Bodhi tree in Bodh Gaya, India, where he attained supreme knowledge after years of penance.
His Mahaparinirvana in Kushinagar, India, where he left his mortal body at the age of 80, having completed his teachings.
When is Buddha Purnima 2025?
In 2025, Buddha Purnima falls on Monday, May 12. The Purnima Tithi (full moon phase) begins at 08:01 PM on May 11 and ends at 10:25 PM on May 12.
Why is Buddha Purnima Celebrated?
Buddha Purnima is celebrated to honor the life and teachings of Gautama Buddha. It is a day for reflection on his messages of compassion, non-violence, and the pursuit of enlightenment. Devotees engage in prayers, meditation, and acts of kindness, embodying the principles taught by the Buddha.
Is Buddha Purnima a Government Holiday?
Yes, Buddha Purnima is recognized as a public holiday in several Indian states, including Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and West Bengal.
It is also observed as a holiday in various Buddhist-majority countries across Asia.
Who Celebrates Buddha Purnima?
Buddha Purnima is celebrated by Buddhists worldwide, including in countries like India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Myanmar.
In India, it holds particular significance for followers of Buddhism and is also respected by people of other faiths who honor the Buddha’s teachings.
Best Places To Visit on Buddha Purnima 2025
For those seeking a spiritual journey during Buddha Purnima, several sites in India offer profound experiences:
Bodh Gaya, Bihar
The site where Siddhartha Gautama attained enlightenment under the Bodhi tree. The Mahabodhi Temple complex here is a UNESCO World Heritage site and a focal point for pilgrims.
How to Reach:
- Nearest Airport: Gaya International Airport (12 km)
- Nearest Railway Station: Gaya Junction (16 km)
- By Road: Well connected via NH-83 from Patna (110 km)
Sarnath, Uttar Pradesh
Located near Varanasi, Sarnath is where the Buddha delivered his first sermon. The Dhamek Stupa and the Ashoka Pillar are prominent landmarks.
How to Reach:
- Nearest Airport: Lal Bahadur Shastri Airport, Varanasi (25 km)
- Nearest Railway Station: Varanasi Junction (10 km)
- By Road: Frequent taxis and buses from Varanasi
Kushinagar, Uttar Pradesh
The place where the Buddha attained Mahaparinirvana. The Mahaparinirvana Temple houses a reclining Buddha statue, symbolizing his final moments.
How to Reach:
- Nearest Airport: Kushinagar International Airport (5 km)
- Nearest Railway Station: Gorakhpur Junction (50 km)
- By Road: Easily accessible via NH-28 from Gorakhpur
Shravasti, Uttar Pradesh
An important site where the Buddha spent many monsoon seasons teaching. The Jetavana Monastery here is a significant pilgrimage destination.
How to Reach:
- Nearest Airport: Lucknow Airport (160 km)
- Nearest Railway Station: Balrampur (17 km)
- By Road: Well connected by buses and taxis from Lucknow and Balrampur
Tawang Monastery, Arunachal Pradesh
The largest monastery in India, Tawang offers serene surroundings and vibrant celebrations during Buddha Purnima.
How to Reach:
- Nearest Airport: Tezpur Airport, Assam (330 km) or Guwahati (480 km)
- Nearest Railway Station: Tezpur Railway Station
- By Road: Scenic drive through Sela Pass from Tezpur or Bomdila
Buddha Purnima Wishes in Marathi
For those wishing to convey greetings in Marathi:
- “बुद्ध पौर्णिमेच्या हार्दिक शुभेच्छा!” (Heartfelt wishes on Buddha Purnima!)
- “बुद्धाच्या शिकवणीचा मार्ग आपल्याला सदैव प्रकाश देत राहो.” (May the path of Buddha’s teachings always illuminate your life.)
Rituals and Traditions of Buddha Purnima
On Buddha Purnima, devotees bathe Buddha idols, offer flowers, and light candles at temples. Many observe a vegetarian fast, meditate, and listen to sermons on why Buddha Purnima is celebrated.
Acts of charity are common, reflecting the Buddha’s message of compassion. In places like Bodh Gaya, candlelight processions and displays of sacred relics mark the day.
Sharing Buddha Purnima images and happy Buddha Purnima wishes online has also become a modern tradition.
Buddha Purnima: Celebrations and Traditions
On Buddha Purnima, devotees engage in various activities:
- Visiting Temples: Pilgrims visit Buddhist temples to offer prayers and meditate.
- Charitable Acts: Many participate in acts of kindness, such as distributing food and clothes to the needy.
- Cultural Programs: Events showcasing Buddha’s life and teachings are organized.
- Decorations: Homes and temples are adorned with flowers and lights, creating a festive atmosphere.
Sharing Buddha Purnima images and happy Buddha Purnima messages on social media has become a modern way to spread the teachings and joy associated with this day.
Summing Up
Buddha Purnima 2025 is not just a day of remembrance but an opportunity to reflect on the profound teachings of Gautama Buddha.
Whether through pilgrimage to sacred sites, engaging in charitable acts, or personal meditation, the day offers a chance to embrace the principles of compassion, mindfulness, and enlightenment.
